目前多重检测所使用的探针分子多为荧光染料，由于其荧光发射峰较宽，相互之间重叠严重，随着样品数量的增多其精确性也就开始下降。而且这类探针在使用过程中容易被生物样本的自体背景荧光干扰，而且在长时间光照下还容易发生光漂白现象。

红外上转换纳米探针能够克服目前有机荧光染料探针用于荧光成像多重分析所存在的缺陷，同时红外光的长波光子不易被生物分子吸收，对生物分子的光毒性较少，因此对生物检测分析应用具有重要的意义。然而对于细胞和生物组织的原位荧光成像多重分析应用，由于上转换材料掺杂的稀土离子具有多能级的特性，容易造成多发射信号，限制了其的在光学成像多重分析领域的应用。

近期，来自复旦大学的张凡课题组突破了红外上转换发光探针无法单色发光的瓶颈，成功制备得到了单波段红外上转换纳米探针，实现了多个生物标志物的原位实时检测。相关研究成果发表在《Nature Communications》上

论文链接：http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7938

英文摘要

Single-band upconversionnanoprobes for multiplexed simultaneous in situ molecular mapping ofcancer biomarkers

The identification of potential diagnostic markers and targetmolecules among the plethora of tumour oncoproteins for cancer diagnosis requiresfacile technology that is capable of quantitatively analysing multiplebiomarkers in tumour cells and tissues. Diagnostic and prognosticclassifications of human tumours are currently based on the western blottingand single-colour immunohistochemical methods that are not suitable formultiplexed detection. Herein, we report a general and novel method to preparesingle-band upconversion nanoparticles with different colours. The expressionlevels of three biomarkers in breast cancer cells were determined usingsingle-band upconversion nanoparticles, western blotting andimmunohistochemical technologies with excellent correlation. Significantly, theapplication of antibody-conjugated single-band upconversion nanoparticlemolecular profiling technology can achieve the multiplexed simultaneousin situ biodetectionof biomarkers in breast cancer cells and tissue specimens and produce moreaccurate results for the simultaneous quantification of proteins present at lowlevels compared with classical immunohistochemical technology.

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